Alchemical process? You mean, like, melting something and skimming the impurities off? Pretty complex...
"Clear", window/optical quality glass didn't show up until the Renaissance, approx circa early 1400's. It wasn't a matter of "changing" the glass, but removing the impurities that fogged it up. (That would naturally be a greenish color; chemicals were added to make it "colorless", and that is an alchemical process.) Quality control, higher temperatures, steel tools, and nobles who didn't mind throwing money at a given problem all contributed to the advancement.
Interestingly, for sheets, they would melt the glass onto a pool of molten lead, which, being a liquid both hot and much heavier, would both support the glass and give it one almost perfectly smooth side while it was handled and then cooled. (Not very healthy, but effective, and a technique that lasted well into the 1900's.)
As for "wood ash" requiring an Herbem req... sorry, but - phhh. At some point, a fallen tree turns to mulch, and then becomes part of the soil, which is clearly the realm of Terram. You wouldn't require Herbam to effect "rich soil", even tho' plant (or animal) material is exactly what ultimately makes it rich. Nor require Corpus to remove gravedirt, even tho' there is a strong element of humanity within it. Charcoal, which is as yet not completely burnt, might still be considered Herbem, but by the time it's been burnt to pure ash it has, indeed, undergone an alchemical change into a different substance.
However, iirc, the point is moot, for it's not "ashes" that are added, but the chemical soda-ash (aka sodium carbonate, or "trona"), tho' it's not inconceivable that both were used at various times.
ecu.edu/glassblowing/oldrecipes.htm
unc.edu/courses/rometech/pub ... Glass.html
The "best" glass makers were found in the blossoming city-state of Venice, which banned outside glass not because it was better, but because a monopoly is a desired state for any merchant environment.
Huge standing rewards were offered for any glassblowers who would defect and teach their secrets abroad, and likewise bounties put on the heads of any such who would dare cross the Guild.