As part of the all Ars Magica Open License in markdown project (and for my own interest in runes), I recreated (and corrected) the runes tables from Hedge Magic Revised with the correct unicode for all the runes. Having this available might be useful if you're working up some rune magic in electronic text at any point (or write a letter from norse faeries - I know I do haha).
The Older Futhark
The three aetts of the Elder Futhark are named after three gods, each one associated with the first letter in that aett. Freya was a Norse goddess of love and marriage, Heimdall was the god charged with guarding the rainbow bridge that leads from earth to Asgard, and Tyr was the god of justice and battle.
Freya's Aett
Letter
Rune
Name
Meaning
Effects
F
ᚠ
Fehu
"Wealth"
Wealth, domesticated animals
U
ᚢ
Uruz
"Auroch"
Endurance, the wild
Th
ᚦ
Thurisaz
"Ogre"
Malice, shapeshifting
A
ᚨ
Ansuz
"Mouth"
Communication, teaching
R
ᚱ
Raido
"Riding"
Travel, knowledge
K
ᚲ
Kauno
"Pain"
Fire, sores
G
ᚷ
Gebo
"Gift"
Debt, sacrifice
W
ᚹ
Wunjo
"Joy"
Emotion, intoxication
Heimdall's Aett
Letter
Rune
Name
Meaning
Effects
H
ᚺ
Hagalaz
"Hail"
Weather, illness
N
ᚾ
Naudiz
"Need"
Trouble, hardship
I
ᛁ
Isa
"Ice"
Cold, stasis
J
ᛃ
Jera
"Year"
Harvest, bounty
Y
ᛇ
Ihwaz
"Yew"
Patience, the dead
P
ᛈ
Perth
"Cup"
Chance, secrets
Z
ᛉ
Algiz
"Elk"
Protection, the hunt
S
ᛋ
Sowilo
"Sun"
Triumph, virtue
Tyr's Aett
Letter
Rune
Name
Meaning
Effects
T
ᛏ
Tiwaz
"Tyr"
Justice, battle
B
ᛒ
Berkanan
"Birch"
Health, youth
E
ᛖ
Ehwaz
"Horse"
Speed, relationships
M
ᛗ
Mannaz
"Man"
Cooperation, duty
L
ᛚ
Laguz
"Water"
Ocean, ships
Ng
ᛜ
Ingwaz
"Lord"
Family, security
D
ᛞ
Dagaz
"Day"
Time, growth
O
ᛟ
Othila
"Inheritance"
Lands, possessions
The Anglo-Saxon Futhorc
In England, the rune wizards extended their alphabet. Scholars agree that it included the first 28 runes, and the last five may also have been included depending on era and area. Magi are certain that none of these vitkir remain in the British Isles in the 1200s, all of them having been eliminated in the war against Damhan-Alladh centuries ago, though evidence of their magic may still remain.
Letter
Rune
Name
Pronounced
Meaning
Elder Futhark
F
ᚠ
Feoh
FAY-oh
"Wealth"
Fehu
U
ᚢ
Ur
OOR
"Auroch"
Uruz
Th
ᚦ
Thorn
THORN
"Thorn"
Thurisaz
R
ᚱ
Rad
RAWD
"Riding"
Raido
C
ᚳ
Cen
CHEN
"Torch"
Kauno
Gy
ᚷ
Gyfu
GUY-voo
"Gift"
Gebo
W
ᚹ
Wynn
WIN
"Joy"
Wunjo
H
ᚻ
Haegl
HA-wull
"Hail"
Hagalaz
N
ᚾ
Nyd
NID
"Need"
Naudiz
I
ᛁ
Is
EES
"Ice"
Isa
J
ᛄ
Ger
YER
"Year"
Jera
Y
ᛇ
Eoh
EE-oh
"Yew"
Ihwaz
P
ᛈ
Peordh
POHR-th
"Cup"
Perth
X
ᛉ
Eolhx
OHLHK
"Elk"
Algiz
S
ᛋ
Sigel
SEE-wel
"Sun"
Sowilo
T
ᛏ
Tir
TEER
"Star"
Tiwaz
B
ᛒ
Beorc
BORK
"Birch"
Berkanan
E
ᛖ
Eh
EH
"Horse"
Ehwaz
M
ᛗ
Mann
MAHN
"Man"
Mannaz
L
ᛚ
Lagu
LAH-wuh
"Water"
Laguz
Ng
ᛝ
Ing
ING
"Hero"
Ingwaz
D
ᛞ
Daeg
DAY
"Day"
Dagaz
Oe
ᛟ
Ethel
EE-thell
"Homeland"
Othila
A
ᚪ
Ac
AWK
"Oak"
—
Ae
ᚫ
Aesc
ASH
"Ash"
—
Yr
ᚣ
Yr
YAHR
"Bow"
—
Ea
ᛠ
Ear
EAR
"Grave"
—
G
ᚸ
Gar
GAR
"Spear"
—
K
ᛣ
Calc
KAHLK
"Chalk"
—
Q
ᛢ
Cweorth
QUORTH
"Fire twirl"
—
St
ᛥ
Stan
STAYN
"Stone"
—
Or
ᛡ
Ior
OHR
"Water monster"
—
The Younger Futhark
In Denmark and Germany, the Futhark began to develop over time, both as it was used to communicate and to work magic. Many of the names of the runes and their meanings changed as the language became condensed, and the runemasters eventually settled on a set of 16 runes instead of the original 24. Instead of three aetts made up of eight runes, in this system the first aett had only six runes and the other two had five. Missing are Gebo, Wunjo, Perth, Algiz, Ehwaz, Ingwaz, Dagz, and Othila. This variation came to be known as the Younger Futhark.